نشریه علمی پژوهشی مهندسی آبیاری و آب ایران

نشریه علمی پژوهشی مهندسی آبیاری و آب ایران

ارزیابی آلودگی فلزات سنگین در کاربری‌های مختلف اراضی حوزه آبخیز واز

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان
1 دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی ساری
2 گروه مهندسی آبخیزداری، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی ساری، ساری، ایران
3 دانشگاه ساری
4 دانشگاه تربیت مدرس
10.22125/iwe.2025.520073.1880
چکیده
Abstract

Heavy metals are among the most suitable indicators for assessing pollution in soil and water resources due to their long-term persistence in the environment and toxic characteristics, which often pose significant challenges. The aim of this study was to investigate heavy metal contamination in soil across forest, rangeland, agricultural, and residential land uses in the Vaz watershed. For this purpose, 47 soil samples from all land uses and one riverbed sediment sample from the watershed outlet were collected. After drying, the samples were sieved through a 63-micron mesh and transferred to a laboratory for elemental concentration analysis using ICP-MS. The concentrations of chromium (Cr), manganese (Mn), iron (Fe), nickel (Ni), copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), arsenic (As), cadmium (Cd), mercury (Hg), and lead (Pb) were analyzed. Contamination indices—including the contamination factor (CF), degree of contamination (Cd), modified degree of contamination (mCd), geo-accumulation index (Igeo), enrichment factor (EF), and ecological risk index (ERI)—were applied to evaluate sediment quality across different land uses. Results indicated that urban (residential) land use exhibited the highest values for both the contamination factor (CF) and geo-accumulation index (Igeo), followed by agricultural, forest, and rangeland land uses, respectively. Based on the degree of contamination (Cd), rangeland showed very low contamination, forest and agricultural land uses had moderate contamination, and residential land use displayed high contamination. However, the modified degree of contamination (mCd) revealed very low contamination levels for forest, rangeland, and agricultural land uses, and low contamination for residential areas.
کلیدواژه‌ها
موضوعات

عنوان مقاله English

Evaluation of Heavy Metal Contamination in Different Land Uses of the Vaz Watershed

نویسندگان English

saeid derakhti 1
Leila Gholami 2
a Kavian 3
Abdulvahed Khaledi Darvishan 4
1 Department of Watershed Management, Faculty of Natural Resources, Sari Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University, Sari, Iran
2 Department of Watershed Manegement, Sari Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University, Sari
3 SANRU
4 Department of Watershed Management, Faculty of Natural Resources, Tarbiat Modares University, Noor, Iran.
چکیده English

فلزات سنگین از مناسب‌ترین شاخص‌ها برای بررسی آلودگی منابع خاک و آب هستند و به دلیل پایداری درازمدت در محیط‌زیست می‌باشند. هدف از پژوهش حاضر بررسی آلودگی فلزات سنگین در خاک کاربری‌های جنگل، مرتع، کشاورزی و مسکونی در آبخیز واز است. سپس با استفاده از نتایج غلظت فلزات کروم، منگنز، آهن، نیکل، مس، روی، آرسنیک، کادمیم، جیوه و سرب و با استفاده از شاخص‌های عامل آلودگی، درجه آلودگی، درجه آلودگی اصلاح‌شده، زمین‌انباشت، شاخص غنی‌سازی و خطر اکولوژیک کیفیت رسوب در کاربری‌های مختلف بررسی شد. نتایج نشان داد که کاربری شهری هم از نظر عامل آلودگی و هم از نظر شاخص تجمع زمینی دارای بیش‌ترین مقدار است و کاربری‌های کشاورزی، جنگل و مرتع به ترتیب در رتبه‌های بعدی قرار دارند. از نظر درجه آلودگی کاربری مرتع آلودگی بسیار کم، کاربری‌های جنگل و کشاورزی آلودگی متوسط دارند و کاربری مسکونی دارای آلودگی زیاد است. از طرفی شاخص درجه آلودگی اصلاح شده نشان داد که کاربری جنگل، مرتع و کشاورزی دارای آلودگی بسیار کم و کاربری مسکونی دارای آلودگی کم است. در حوزه آبخیز واز کاربری مرتع و تا حد زیادی کاربری جنگل از نظر شاخص‌های آلودگی دارای مقادیر پایینی بودند اما به دلیل حضور دام در مراتع این منطقه و همچنین توریستی بودن جنگل‌های این حوضه احتمال آلوده شدن خاک این کاربری‌ها در آینده وجود دارد. با توجه به اینکه این حوضه یکی از ورودی‌های دریای خزر در شمال کشور است، بنابراین نیاز است که اقدامات حفاظتی لازم برای منابع آب و خاک در حوضه مورد نظر انجام گردد.

کلیدواژه‌ها English

ICP-MS
Land use
Pollution Indices
Soil Contamination
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